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那西塞斯
Narcissus was a handsome youth. His lovely face and graceful form were the admiration of all who looked upon him. And he knew it. He was proud that he thought no one buthimself was worthy to see his youthful beauty. Thus given up tosweet thoughts of self, Narcissus avoided all company. Heroamed the wooded little valleys every day, madly in love withhimself.
When he was delightfully wandering through the woods oneday, a wood fairy maiden, Echo by name, caught sight of him. She was excited at once. Joyfully coming down towards Narcissus, she stretched out her loving arms. To her dismay, however, the young man roughly brushed her aside and went by without so much as a glance at her. The poor fairy maiden's face turned red and quickly withdrew to a shady spot , following the object of her love with her longing eyes.
Presently Narcissus stopped to drink from a little stream. Kneeling down on the bank, he saw a lovely face in the clear water. His heart gave a beat. He smiled and was smiled back to. Thinking that it must be a maiden in love with him, he bent down to kiss her. And her lips also drew near his. But as soon a she touched the clear surface the lovely face disappeared. The angry youth was now desperate. Never had he been looked downupon like that before. Day and night, he stayed at the stream without drinking and eating. Before long he died, never suspecting that his maiden was just his own image in the stream. The gods took pity on the fair dead body and turned it into a flower bearing his name.
The intoxicated Echo saw all this. Slowly she became weak for despised love, until at last nothing remained of her except her voice.

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泰瑞西斯
Tiresias was a blind, darkseeing prophet of Thebes. Hewas struck with blindness in his youth, because he had spied unwittingly on the goddess Athena. He was wandering in the woods one day when quite unexpectedly he saw anaked maiden bathing in a placid lake . Little did he know that he had offended the virgin goddess. Taken unaware and scarlet with wrath, the goddess exclaimed that whoever had the boldness to steal a glance at her naked body was doomed to perpetual blindness. But when she learned later that the offence was unintentional , it was too late for her to take back what she had said. Taking pity on the poor youth for the loss of his sight, she obtained from Zeus an exceptional long life for him, and from Apollo a divine power of prophecy. Besides, she provided him with a marvellous sharpness of ear, so that he could under stand the voices of all birds. And she filled his mind with mystic knowledge of things past and of things to come. In short shegave him quite an amount of her own wisdom. He was the firstto recognise and welcome Dionysus, god of feast and wine, on the The ban land. When the infant Heracles caught Hera's two serpents in its hands, it was Tiresias who cast the child's fortune and revealed the divine origin and destiny of the boy . When Oedipus abused Tiresias as having had a hand in themurder of Laius, Tiresias had the fearless courage to tell thetruth that Oedipus was the murderer. Even in the lower world he continued to prophesy. There he helped Odysseus when the hero came to him for advice. Alive, he was highly respected byall; dead, he enjoyed the generous air and rosy light in the land of the Blest.

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法厄同
Phaeton was the son of Apollo by Clymene. The mother had filled the lad's head with so many stories of his father's glory that the youth was quite proud. Wher ever he went he told those stories again and again until everybody was tired of him. On one occasion, when one of his playmates asked him to show his skill of coming down from sky, he felt quite hard to do it. He came back to his mother and told the unhappy event in tears. Unable to do anything for him, she sent her soneast wards to pray to Apollo for help.
The sungod graciously received his son and heard the story with interest. Then he took an oath by the Styx , ready to give help according to the boy's request. But he was surprised to hear that the boy's hope was to drive his fiery carriage. He told his son of the dangers on the way, but failed to stop him fromthe try. As the god had sworn by the Styx there was no going back on his word. In his desperate effort to avoid disaster, Apollo warned his son to keep to the middle course and stop the horses in time.
Phaeton joyfully jumped on the carriage and set off. Very soon he lost his way. he grew pale at the great height and the vast sky in front of him and behind. The horses ran wild. Unable to hold them, Phaeton dropped them in fear. Straight downto the earth the carriage dashed. Rivers were dried up. Cropshung down and withered . Men's cries of suffering rose up from the burnt earth. The enraged Zeus soon found the cause of the trouble, and without hesitation gave one of his most powerful thunderbolts at the proud and careless boy. Phaeton droppedstraight down into a river. Both parents were sad over the loss of their son. And his sisters, who were so unhappy with his untimely death, were changed into poplars and their tearsambers .

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凯里斯特
In the charming followers of Artemis there was a beautifulfairy maiden called Callis to. Zeus loved her passionately and often sought her company. Before the year was out she bore him a son, Arcas by name. He later became the ancestor of the Archadians. Zeus' frequent absences from Mt Olympus caused Hera's suspicions . In time the vengeful queen discovered the truth and drew up an effective plan of paying back. One day Callisto suddenly found herself changed into a bear, with monstrous jaws and bloodshot eyes . Still she remained human in heart. She immediately left her son and went into hidingin the forest.
Years passed. Little Arcas had grown into a young man. Hewas hunting merrily in the woods one day when a large grey bearsuddenly appeared before him. Both were amazed, he terrified at the sight of the frightening bear. The bear recognized that the young hunter was her own son. The young hunter aimed his spear at the slowly approaching bear and was about to pounceupon it. Just at that moment Zeus stepped in and stopped the foolish act. For he had not been able to find the whereabouts of his lovely mistress until quite recently. He had been secretly protecting her from all danger and harm. Now he turned his son into a little bear, and sent both mother and son into the highheavens. In there they have remained to this day, known as the Great and Little Bear .

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鲍西丝和费莱蒙
As was the common practice with the gods of Olympus, Zeus and Hermes were visiting the world in disguise. One day they came to a village. At a thousand house sthey knocked, and a thousand times they were refused rest and food and drink. At last they arrived at a humble cottage, where the old couple Baucis and her husband Philemon lived. Poor but at peace with world, they made the best of what life could offer them , and felt truly grateful to the gods above. When the two travellers entered the hut, the old couple were glad with lively happiness. They offered their guests their best seat, and immediately set about preparing dinner for them. With no small difficulty they made fire, brought in a fresh cabbage, cut a fat piece of their long kept meat and put them over the fire to cook. The one single goose they were ready to kill for the visitors, but it was saved at the last minute by the guests. The dining bench was a makeshift , poor and patched but the best they had. The table was supported by a brick. The feast was quite modest, eggs and wine and cot tage cheese, and a variety of newly pickedfruit. The old couple humbly waited on the visiting guests withsincere looks and eager goodwill. Moved at the hospitality ofthe house, the gods told their true identity. "We are gods", saidZeus. "While the neigh bour hood pays the penalty for itswickedness you shall be free from misfortune. Coming along with us". When they were near the top of the hill, Bancis and Phile mon looked back and saw all the village below covered by amarsh , and that among the general ruin and destruction their old cottage alone survived, changed into a grand temple. At their request they were made the guardians of the sacred place of Zeus. When their span of worldly life came to an end they were turned into an ash and linden, standing side by side in front of the temple.

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波塞冬(海神）
Poseidon was son of Kronus and Rhea, and brother ofZeus. After the war with the Titans, he became the mighty and majestic god of the sea, ruling all the water saround the earth. He was considered to have the greatest power next to Zeus . Poseidon ruled his kingdom with cold shaking. He could call up all the big winds and stir up or calm down the stormy oceans. with a trident in his hand , he flew across the waves in a carriage drawn by horses with bronze hoofs and golden hairs. Although he had a seat on Olympus, he lived, most of the time, in his shining golden palace in the deeps of the oceans.
Poseidon was ambitious and aggressive . Unhappy with the part of power given to him, he planned to throw down Zeus from his high position. The plan did not come off, and he was senta way to serve a human being on earth. with the help of Apollo he built the famous walls of Troy for king Laomed on. On one occasion he argued with Athena over the naming of the new city Athens and was forced to give in to the goddess of wisdom. On another he entered into a bitter dispute with Apollo over the king of Corinth and won the case in the end.
Poseidon's loves produced strange children. His wife bore him the children who were half man and half-fish in form. When Demeter did not like his attention and changed herself into ahorse, shameless Poseidon turned himself into a horse to continue his seeking. Out of their love a wonderful horse, Arion byname, was born. This horse had the power of speech and was sure to win all the car riageraces in Greece. Poseidon robbed The ophane, a beautiful maiden, and taking her to an island, changed her into a sheep and himself into a ram. As a result the golden-fleeced ram came into being.

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阿芙罗狄蒂(维纳斯）
Aphrodite was the goddess of extreme beauty. Her birthwas a mysterious one. On one of those days when the
Olympians had begun to enjoy power in the universe, the floating bubbles of the sea glowed with holy brightness. Out of the wave rose a fair and lovely maiden, shining forth warmth and charm. She was then taken by the ocean fairy maiden to Cyprus which became her sacred island. Her beauty was beyond description, and she was rightly called the Beautiful. Over her deathles shead was a golden crown, her eyes were deep and soft, and herbrows warm. Her long halr flowed over her dellcate neck and white bosom . Her slender fingers and rosy-white feet all added to her attractive grace and elegance . Her slim lily form of a figure caused both the enthusiastic admiration of the gods and the burning jealousy of the goddess when she first took her place on Olympus.
She was appointed goddess of Love and Marriage. Sitting inher carriage drawn by sparrows, doves or swans, she travelledfar and wide to inspire love in the hearts of all nature and move man and beast and animal and plant to reproduction. with the help of her little son, Eros, the god of love, she made many a tale of happiness and sadness in the life of gods and men. Being less serious, she introduced the idea of free love into marriedlife. She was never faithful to her husband Hephaestus. Herhusband on one occasion caught her in a net as she was lying with Mars. Then he held them both up to fun in front of the gods. She was kind and responsible and was ever ready to helpyoung lovers in trouble. She loved Adonis, breathed life into thestatue of Galatea and lent a helping hand to young Hippomennes in his race.

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桑斯比
thisbe was a Babylonian maid. From her childhood sheloved Pyramus who lived in the nearby house. But as thetwo families were not on good terms they were not allowed to meet one another. All they could do was to stand oneach side of the wall and hear one another's loving voice. Movedby the young lovers, Aphrodite decided to give them help. Oneday to the joyful surprise of the pair, there appeared in the partywall a tiny crack through which they could speak to each otherin a low voice and even exchange sweet kisses. As love's flameburnt ever hotter the lovers agreed to meet each other under awhite mulberry tree in the woods outside the city. Night came. Thisbe stole out and arrived first at the meeting-place. She was just looking around for her lover when a lioness appeared. The sight of the bloody jaws of the beast was enough to send the screaming girl running , leaving her veil behind. The lioness did not care to chase, but cut the veil and made it dirt with its jaws and claws. Hearing the wild roaring and a sharp cry, Pyramus rushed on to the meeting place, sword in hand, only to find that both lioness and the girl had gone. His eyes fell on the dirty veil and he instantly guessed what had happened to his beloved. In despair he kissed the veil, drew his sword and plunged it into his breast . The pouring blood turned the white mulberry tree intoa dark purple. When This be returned to join her boy-friend, she found him rolling in his death pain. She showered tears and kisses on his cold pale face, hoping to get him back to life. Heopened his eyes and tried to speak, but Death had come to lead him away. with a cry of anger, This be fell on Pyramus' swordand went to keep him company in the lower world.

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海先得斯
Hyacinthus was a beautiful Greek boy who was greatlyloved by Apollo, Apollo often laid aside his golden lyreand his arrows, and came down from Mount Olympus to Join Hyacinthus in his boyish games. The two were often busy all day long, following the huntingdogs over the mountains or setting fish nets in the river or playing at various games.
Their favourite exercise was the throwing of the discus . The discus was a heavy metal plate about a foot across, whichwas thrown somewhat as the round ring is thrown. One dayApollo threw the discus first, and sent it whirling high up amongthe clouds for the god had great strength. It came down in afine, strong curve, and Hyacinthus ran to pick it up. Then as it fell on the hard earth, the discus bounded up again and struck the boy a cruel blow on his white forehead.
Apollo turned as pale as Hyacinthus, but he could not undo what had been done. He could only hold his friend in hisarms, and see his head bend down like a lily on a broken stem , while the purple blood from his wound was dropping down to the earth.
There was still one way by which Apollo could make Hyacinthus live, and this was to change him into a flower. So, quickly, before it was too late, he whispered over him certainwords the gods knew, and Hyacinthus became a purple flower, a flower of the colour of the blood that had flowed from his forehead. As the flower unfolded, it showed a strange mark on itspetals , which looked like the Greek words meaning woe! woe!
Apollo never forgot his boy friend; but sang about him to the accompaniment of his wonderful lyre till the name of Hyacinthus was known and loved all over Greece.

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潘
Pan's Parentage was a problem Of Iong argument.BUtmost writers of Greek mythology agree that he was theson of Hermes by the lovely fairy maiden Penelope. Hewas a cold, hairy country monster, with the upper part of a manand the body and legs of a goat. Wandering about in the mountains and woods with other wood gods and cheerful fairy maidens. Pan led a perfectly carefree life. He was admired as the godof woods and pastures , with prophetic powers. He represented nature and country Iife. In old times he Was honoured as a godwho was good, just and holy.
Pan had a strong desire for women. At one time he loved acharming maiden, Syrinx, but to his disappointment his love was not returned. One day Syrinx left Pan with a fearful step , which lighted Pan's love all the more. He ran after her and was almost overtaking her when she was turned, at her own request, into a clump of reeds by Mother Earth . Pan wept bitterly at the change. Sadly he picked some pieces of the reeds and fashtoned apipe . He played so sweetly on it that Apollo was helpless before him.
At the time of the battle of Marathon Pan met the Athenian messenger to Sparta . He asked the man to say to the Athenians that, although they did not like him, he still felt kindlytowards them and would aid them in their difficulties. When fighting against enemies went on near Marathon, the Athenians were surprised to see that the Persian soldiers were suddenly seized with a mysterious fear and ran away from the field in disorder. The great Pan had struck into the hearts of the Persians a kind of fear. The fear has been ever since known as panic . After the war the Athenians gratefully dedicated a temple to Pan . The sacrifices and games were held in his honour.